• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    A dry waste storage silo in a marine vessel waste treatment installation (W), which dry waste storage silo (1) is adapted to receive dry waste. The silo is provided with a discharge arrangement for discharging dry waste from an outlet (3) of the silo. In order to provide a controlled and effective discharge of dry waste, the discharge arrangement is an unloader (4), which has a fixed casing (41) and at least one unloader element (42) adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the fixed casing (41). The invention also relates to a method for operating the silo.
    公开号:FI20205471A1
    申请号:FI20205471
    申请日:2020-05-11
    公开日:2021-11-12
    发明作者:Perttu Kopola；Jussi Ylimäki
    申请人:Evac Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Dry waste storage silo and method for operating a dry waste storage silo The invention relates to a dry waste storage silo in a marine vessel waste treatment installation, which dry waste storage silo is adapted to receive dry waste and which dry waste storage silo is provided with an outlet and with a discharge arrangement for discharging the dry waste from the dry waste storage silo through the outlet, according to the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for operating a dry waste storage silo.
    Background art Dry waste silos deployed in marine vessel waste treatment installations are known — from prior art.
    Examples of typical arrangements for discharging dry waste collected and stored in dry waste silos are belt conveyors, screw conveyors, and pushrod unloaders.
    Generally dry waste is non-homogenous and greatly varies in composition, which easily causes problems when the dry waste is to be discharged from a silo.
    Belt conveyors only draw the waste, whereby the forwarding of waste is not very efficient.
    With screw conveyors problems result from long particles that wind around the screws as well as from the mechanical strength of the screws which is compromised as the discharge end of the screws cannot be supported.
    With pushrod unloaders the main issues are inconsistent feeding and low efficiency as the dry waste tends to move back and forth on the pushrod unloader before it is discharged in uncont- rolled batches.
    Summary of invention S An object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of prior art and to N achieve an efficient discharge of dry waste from a dry waste storage silo in a cont- 3 25 rolled manner.
    These objects are attained by a dry waste storage silo according to = claim 1 and a method according to claim 11. E: The basic idea of the invention is to provide a discharge arrangement in the form of = an unloader, whereby the unloader is provided with a fixed casing and at least one 3 unloader element adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the fixed N 30 casing.
    The back and forth movement of the at least one unloader in relation to the N casing allows for a controlled discharge of dry waste from the dry waste silo.
    This also avoids compaction and arching of the dry waste in the silo.
    Advantageously, the unloader is provided with at least one additional unloader ele- ment adapted for back and forth movement in relation to the at least one unloader element. This further enhances the controlled discharge of the dry waste from the dry waste silo.
    Preferably the at least one unloader element or the at least one additional unloader element has a step-like configuration descending towards the outlet of the dry waste storage silo. This facilitates the movement of dry waste towards the outlet of the dry waste storage silo.
    Advantageously, one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the at least one unloader element or the at least one additional unloader element are inclined to- wards the outlet of the dry waste storage silo in an angle B, which further enhances the movement of the dry waste towards the outlet of the dry waste storage silo. The inclined configuration of the steps also avoids that dry waste is moved backwards in the silo. Advantageously, one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the at least one unloader element or the at least one addtional unloader element have end surfaces. The end surfaces further ensure the forwarding of the dry waste and also prevent the dry waste from moving backwards in the silo. Advantageously, the dry waste storage silo is provided with a top, a bottom, a back wall, a front wall, and side walls. Advantageously the inlet is at the top of the dry waste storage silo and the outlet is at the bottom of the dry waste storage silo. Such a simple configuration facilitates the construction of the silo, e.g. of steel plate ma- terial, and also the arrangement of the unloader in the silo. N The casing can be arranged within the dry waste storage silo, in connection with the N 25 back wall. This provides for a more compact construction of the silo.
    O = Alternatively, the casing can be arranged outside the dry waste storage silo, in con- I nection with the back wall. This may facilitate the internal arrangements within the = silo. O Particularly, in case the casing is arranged within the dry waste storage silo, a top N 30 surface of the casing is advantageously inclined towards the outlet of the dry waste N storage silo in an angle a. This further facilitates the movement of dry waste towards the outlet of the dry waste storage silo.
    A method for operating a dry waste silo in a marine vessel treatment installation is defined in claim 11. Further advantageous features of the method are given in claims 12-15. Brief description of drawings In the following the invention will be described, by way of example only, with refe- rence to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which Fig. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a dry waste storage silo with a discharge arrangement, Figs. 2A-2D illustrate operational stages of the discharge arrangement according to the first embodiment, Fig. 3 illustrates a second embodiment of a dry waste storage silo with a discharge arrangement according to the second embodiment, Fig. 4A-4D illustrate operational stages of the discharge arrangement according to the second embodiment, Fig. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of a dry waste storage silo with a discharge arrangement, and Figs. 6A-6B illustrate operational stages of the discharge arrangement according to the third embodiment. Detailed description o 20 Fig. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a dry waste storage silo 1 in a marine vessel O waste treatment installation W. The dry waste storage silo 1 is provided with a top ie 11, abottom 12, a back wall 13, a front wall 14 and side walls. The dry waste storage - silo 1 is provided with an inlet 2 for dry waste at the top 11 of the dry waste storage silo 1 and an outlet 3 for dry waste at the bottom 12 of the dry waste storage silo 1. = 25 The inlet could also be e.g. in the back wall and the outlet e.g. in the front wall of the = dry waste storage silo. The inlet and outlet could also be in the side walls. The dry 3 waste storage silo could also have e.g. an open top.QA
    O N In the following also the term silo will be used for the dry waste storage silo 1. Further, the dry waste storage silo 1 is provided with an unloader 4 for discharging dry waste collected or stored in the silo through the outlet 3 of the silo. The unloader
    4 is disposed in connection with the back wall 13. The inlet 11 is disposed above the unloader 4 and the outlet 3 is disposed in connection with the front wall 14 of the silo.
    The unloader 4 includes a fixed casing 41, which is arranged within the silo, in con- nection with the back wall 13 of the silo. Further, the unloader 4 includes one unloa- der element 42 adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the fixed casing 41, in this embodiment in and out of the fixed casing 41. The movement is generally in a horizontal direction, along the bottom 12 of the silo. The movement is indicated with a double headed arrow. The movement is attained by an operating device (not shown).
    The movement, carried out by the operating device, of the unloader element 42 can be carried out by a variety of devices providing linear movement, e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic, or various electrical devices such as ball screw actuators, or by mecha- nical devices, e.g. by rack and pinion or gear wheels.
    The unloader element 42 has a step-like configuration, wherein one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the unloader element 42 are inclined towards the outlet 3 of the dry waste silo 1 in an angle B relative to a horizontal direction. i.e. the bottom of the silo. This facilitates the movement of dry waste towards the outlet of the silo and also avoids that dry waste is taken backwards when the unloader ele- ment 42 is withdrawn into the casing 41. The unloader element 42 moves with a speed v1 in and out of the casing 41 over a given distance L1.
    In this embodiment, the unloader element 42 has two steps, a first inclined step 421 and a second inclined step 422. Both inclined steps of the unloader element 42 have o end surfaces. The first end surface of the first inclined step 421 is indicated by refe- O 25 renceAandthe second end surface of the second inclined step 422 is indicated by 3 reference B. - Clearly, the unloader element 42 may have only one step or more than two steps. E The steps can be e.g. horizontal or inclined. The end surfaces are advantageously - configured so that they can push the dry waste forward and prevent the dry waste s 30 from moving backward. In other words, they can e.g. be vertical or inclined with N respect to the pushing direction.
    N The unloader 4 also includes an additional unloader element 43, which is adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the unloader element 42, in this embo- diment in and out of the second inclined step 422 of the unloader element 42. The movement is generally in horizontal direction, along the bottom 12 of the silo.
    The movement is indicated with a double headed arrow.
    The movement is attained by an operating device (not shown), separate from the operating device driving the unloader element 42. 5 The movement, carried out by the operating device, of the additional unloader ele- ment 43 can be carried out by a variety of devices providing linear movement, e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic, or various electrical devices such as ball screw actuators, or by mechanical devices, e.g. by rack and pinion or gear wheels.
    The additional unloader element 43 is arranged to move in and out of the second inclined step 422 of unloader element 42, whereby it also acts as a pushing device for the discharge of the dry waste from the silo.
    The additional unloader element 43 can be moved independently from the unloader 42 element, due to separate opera- ting devices, e.g. when the unloader element 42 is stationary, with a speed v2 over a given distance L2. As discussed above, both inclined steps of the first unloader 42 have end surfaces.
    Thus, in practice, the second end surface B also forms an end surface of the additional unloader element 43. The additional unloader 43 can also have a step-like configuration in the same man- ner as the unloader element 42. Clearly, the unloader may also have just one unloader element, e.g. without the additional unloader element 43, or more than two unloader elements.
    Each unloader element is advantageously provided with a separate, independent operating device providing respective movement and speeds.
    Each unloader element can be provi- ded with one or more steps, which can be e.g. horizontal or inclined as discussed S above.
    N 25 Figs. 2A-2D illustrate operational stages of the unloader 4 arranged in the dry waste <Q storage silo 1 provided with the inlet 2 and outlet 3 as discussed above in connection - with Fig. 1. = - In the following also the term silo will be used for the dry waste storage silo 1. 3 Fig. 2A shows a first stage of the unloader 4 when dry waste is fed into the dry waste N 30 storage silo 1 through the inlet 2 (Fig. 1). The unloader element 42 is in a withdrawn N position partly inside the casing 41 and the additional unloader element 43 is in a withdrawn position inside the second inclined step 422 of the unloader element 42. The dry waste settles on both inclined steps of the unloader element 42. Depending on the composition of the dry waste, it may partly or wholly move or roll downwards on its own along the inclined steps of the unloader element 42. In order to assist the movement of the dry waste in the direction of the outlet 3 of the silo, the casing can also be provided with a top surface 411, as indicated by broken lines, inclined towards the outlet 3 of the silo in an angle a relative to a hori- zontal direction. i.e. relative to the bottom of the silo. After this, in a second stage, as shown in Fig. 2B, the unloader element 42 has been moved out of the casing 41 with a speed v1 over a given distance L1 (Fig. 1) carrying the dry waste forward towards the outlet 3 (Fig. 1) of the silo, whereby it is wholly or partly deposited infront of the second inclined step 422 of the unloader element 42. The end surfaces of the inclined steps further ensure the movement of the dry waste towards the outlet of the silo, and, also prevent dry waste from moving backwards in the silo, towards the back wall 13 of the silo. In a following stage, as shown in Fig. 2C, the additional unloader element 43 has been moved out of the second step 422 of unloader element 42 with a speed v2 over a given distance L2 (Fig. 1) so that it pushes the dry waste to the outlet 3 (Fig. 1) of the silo for discharge from the silo. Since the additional unloader element 43 has a separate operating device (not shown), as discussed above in connection with Fig. 1, the additional unloader element 43 can make a series of movements in rela- tion to the unloader element 42, i.e. out and in of the unloader element 42 (Fig. 2C and Fig. 2D) in order to clear the dry waste in front of the additional unloader element 43 from the bottom 11 (Fig. 1) of the silo. The second end surface B of the unloader element 42, which now in practice also forms a end surface of the additional unloa- der element 43, ensures the clearance of the dry waste.
    O O 25 When the dry waste has been cleared, the additional unloader element 43 is with- ie drawn into the unloader element 42 (Fig. 2D), after which the unloader element 42 - is withdrawn into the casing 41 (Fig. 2A), whereby the above described stages can be repeated in a cyclic manner. a = Fig. 3 and Figs. 4A-4D illustrate a second embodiment of a dry waste storage silo 1 s 30 in a marine vessel waste treatment installation W. The difference between this se- S cond embodiment and the first embodiment as described in connection with Fig. 1 N and Figs. 2A-2D is that the casing 41 is arranged outside the dry waste storage silo 1, In connection with the back wall 13 of the dry waste storage silo. In this case there is no particular advantage in that the top surface 411 of the casing 41 would be inclined. In other respects the description relating to the first embodiment apply for this second embodiment as well. The efficiency of this discharge arrangement can be controlled by adjusting the speeds v1 and v2 of the unloader element 42 and the additonal unloader element 43 respectively. Fig. 5 and Figs. 6A-6B illustrate a third embodiment embodiment of a dry waste storage silo 1 in a marine vessel waste treatment installation W. The main difference between this third embodiment and the first and second embodiments as described in connection with Fig. 1 and Figs. 2A-2D and Fig. 3 and Figs. 4A-4D respectively is that the unloader includes only one unloader element 42. The dry waste storage silo 1 is provided with a top 11, a bottom 12, a back wall 13, a front wall 14 and side walls. The dry waste storage silo 1 is provided with an inlet 2 for dry waste at the top 11 of the dry waste storage silo 1 and an outlet 3 for dry waste at the bottom 12 of the dry waste storage silo 1. The inlet could also be e.g. inthe back wall and the outlet e.g. in the front wall of the dry waste storage silo. The inlet and the outlet could also be in the side walls. The dry waste storage silo could also have e.g. an open top. In the following also the term silo will be used for the dry waste storage silo 1. Further, the dry waste storage silo 1 is provided with an unloader 4 for discharging dry waste collected or stored in the silo through the outlet 3 of the silo. The unloader 4 is disposed in connection with the back wall 13. The inlet 11 is disposed above the unloader 4 and the outlet 3 is disposed in connection with the front wall 14 of the silo.
    S N The unloader 4 includes a fixed casing 41, which is arranged within the silo, in con- ro 25 nection with the back wall 13 of the silo. Further, the unloader 4 includes one unloa- = der element 42 adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the fixed casing I 41, inthis embodiment in and out of the fixed casing 41. The movement is generally = in a horizontal direction, along the bottom 12 of the silo. The movement is indicated = with a double headed arrow. The movement is attained by an operating device (not S 30 shown).
    S The movement, carried out by the operating device, of the unloader element 42 can be carried out by a variety of devices providing linear movement, e.g. hydraulic,
    pneumatic, or various electrical devices such as ball screw actuators, or by mecha- nical devices, e.g. by rack and pinion or gear wheels. The unloader element 42 has a step-like configuration, wherein one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the unloader element 42 are inclined towards the outlet 3 of the dry waste silo 1 in an angle B relative to a horizontal direction. i.e. the bottom of the silo. This facilitates the movement of dry waste towards the outlet of the silo and also avoids that dry waste is taken backwards when the unloader ele- ment 42 is withdrawn into the casing 41. The unloader element 42 moves with a speed v1 in and out of the casing 41 over a given distance L1. The discharge capa- city of the unloader 4 can be adjusted by means of the speed v1. In this embodiment, the unloader element 42 has two steps, a first inclined step 421 and a second inclined step 422. Both inclined steps of the unloader element 42 have end surfaces. The first end surface of the first inclined step 421 is indicated by refe- rence A and the second end surface of the second inclined step 422 is indicated by reference B. Clearly, the unloader element 42 may have only one step or more than two steps. The steps can be e.g. horizontal or inclined. The end surfaces are advantageously configured so that they can push the dry waste forward and prevent the dry waste from moving backward. In other words, they can e.g. be vertical or inclined with respect to the pushing direction. Fig. 6A shows a first stage of the unloader 4 when dry waste is fed into the dry waste storage silo 1 through the inlet 2 (Fig. 5). The unloader element 42 is in a withdrawn position partly inside the casing 41. Dry waste settles on both inclined steps of the o unloader element 42. Depending on the composition of the dry waste, it may partly O 25 or wholly move or roll downwards on its own along the inclined steps of the unloader 3 element 42. - In order to assist the movement of the dry waste in the direction of the outlet 3 of E the silo, the casing can also be provided with a top surface 411, as indicated by - broken lines, inclined towards the outlet 3 of the silo in an angle a relative to a hori- s 30 zontal direction. i.e. relative to the bottom of the silo.
    O O After this, in a second stage, as shown in Fig. 6B, the unloader element 42 has been moved out of the casing 41 with a speed v1 over a given distance L 1 (Fig. 5) carrying the dry waste forward towards the outlet 3 (Fig. 5) of the silo, whereby it is wholly or partly deposited infront of the second inclined step 422 of the unloader element 42 for discharge from the silo. The end surfaces of the inclined steps further ensure the movement of the dry waste towards the outlet of the silo, and, also prevent dry waste from moving backwards in the silo, towards the back wall 13 of the silo. The unloader element 42 can make a series of movements in relation to the casing 41, i.e. out and in of the casing 41 in order to clear the dry waste in front of the unloader element 42. The second end surface B of the unloader element 42 ensures the clearance of the dry waste. When the dry waste has been cleared, the unloader element 42 is withdrawn into the casing 41 (Fig. 6A), whereby the above described stages can be repeated in a cyclic manner. The placing and configuration of the casing 41 can also be chosen as discussed above in connection with Fig. 3 and Figs. 4A-4D. The choice of unloader, the placement and the configuration of the casing, the num- ber of unloader elements as well as their configuration, can be made based on the type and composition of the dry sewage in order to provide effective discharge of sewage from the silo. In order to monitor the accumulation of dry waste in the silo and on the unloader as well as the clearance of waste infront of the unloader, the dry waste storage silo can be provided with appropriate sensors (not shown), e.g. level sensors or optical rea- ding sensors. The dry waste storage silo with the discharge arrangement is provided with appropriate steering automation (not shown) which can be adapted to the pre- vailing circumstances. S The drawings and the description related thereto are only intended for clarification N of the basic idea of the invention. The invention may vary in detail, for example re 25 regarding the number of unloaders, the number of steps on an unloader, which can = include fixed or moving or horizontal or inclined steps, construction material, opera- I ting devices, etc., within the scope of the ensuing claims. a 3SN
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1] 1. Adry waste storage silo in a marine vessel waste treatment installation, which dry waste storage silo (1) is adapted to receive dry waste and which dry waste sto- rage silo (1) is provided with an outlet (3) and with a discharge arrangement for discharging dry waste from the dry waste storage silo through the outlet, charac- terized in that the discharge arrangement is an unloader (4), and in that the unloa- der (4) is provided with a fixed casing (41) and at least one unloader element (42) adapted for a back and forth movement in relation to the fixed casing (41).
    [2] 2. Adry waste storage silo according to claim 1, characterized in that the unloa- der (4) is provided with at least one additional unloader element (43) adapted for back and forth movement in relation to the at least one unloader element (42).
    [3] 3. Adry waste storage silo according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one unloader element (42) or the at least one additional unloader element (43) has a step-like configuration descending towards the outlet (3) of the dry waste sto- rage silo (1).
    [4] 4. A dry waste storage silo according to claim 3, characterized in that one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the at least one unloader element (42) or the at least one additional unloader element (43) are inclined towards the outlet (3) of the dry waste storage silo (1) in an angle B.
    [5] 5. A dry waste storage silo according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that one or more steps of the step-like configuration of the at least one unloader element (42) or the at least one additional unloader element (43) have end surfaces.
    [6] 6. A dry waste storage silo according to any of the preceding claims, charac- N terized in that the dry waste storage silo (1) is provided with a top (11), a bottom 3 25 (12), a back wall (13), a front wall (14), and side walls. T
    [7] 7. A dry waste storage silo according to claim 6, characterized in that the top
    I = (11) of the dry waste storage silo (1) is provided with an inlet (2) and in that the = bottom (12) of the dry waste silo (1) is provided with the outlet (3).
    N
    LO N
    [8] 8. A dry waste storage silo according to any of the preceding claims, charac- N 30 terized in that the casing (41) is arranged within the dry waste storage silo (1), in connection with the back wall (13).
    [9] 9. A dry waste storage silo according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the casing (41) is arranged outside the dry waste storage silo (1), in connection with the back wall (13).
    [10] 10. A dry waste storage silo according to any of the precedings claims, charac- terized in that a top surface (411) of the casing (41) is inclined towards the outlet (3) of the dry waste storage silo (1) in an angle a.
    [11] 11. A method for operating a dry waste storage silo in a marine vessel waste treat- ment installation, which dry waste storage silo (1) is adapted to receive dry waste and which dry waste storage silo (1) is provided with an outlet (3), whereby dry waste is deposited in the dry waste storage silo (1) over a discharge arrangement, whereby the discharge arrangement discharges dry waste from the dry waste sto- rage silo through the outlet, characterized in that an unloader (4) is deployed as the discharge arrangement, which unloader (4) is provided with a fixed casing (41) and at least one unloader element (42) adapted for a back and forward movement in relation to the fixed casing (41), and in that dry waste is carried towards the outlet (3) of the dry waste storage silo (1) by the back and forth movement of the at least one unloader element (42).
    [12] 12. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the unloader (4) is pro- vided with at least one additional unloader element (43) adapted for back and forth movement in relation to the the at least one unloader element (42).
    [13] 13. A method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the at least one unloader element (42) or the at least one additional unloader element (43) is provi- ded with a step-like configuration. N
    [14] 14. A method according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the at N 25 least one unloader element (42) is moved with a speed v1 over a given distance L 1.
    O =
    [15] 15. A method according to any of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the at I least one additional unloader element (43) is moved with a speed v2 over a given + distance L2. s
    S
    N
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI20205471A|2021-11-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20205471A|FI20205471A|2020-05-11|2020-05-11|Dry waste storage silo and method for operating a dry waste storage silo|FI20205471A| FI20205471A|2020-05-11|2020-05-11|Dry waste storage silo and method for operating a dry waste storage silo|
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